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LIVE STEAM BOILER WATER TREATMENT FOR HOBBY TO COMMERCIAL
TREATMENT PARAMETERS FOR OUR PRODUCT
Sulfite test will do for both products as a control for internal boiler water samples once they are up and running. Roughly 30-60 ppm sulfite at start for boiler and tender or 50-200 ppm sodium sulfite residual in a cycled boiler would be great. We can provide custom private labeled test kits for such. Color observation is much simpler but the testing may help you develop a feel for the dosage/color. A light tea color will develop in the boiler water is the target roughly. Adjust your boiler water level roughly 30-60 ppm sulfite at start up or 50-200 ppm sodium sulfite for a cycled boiler residual at end of run. Test ph of the boiler water after adjusting initial sulfite levels and adjust to 9.0 if necessary on steel boilers at start up with BT100 or TSP or Soda Ash if needed. Standard Litmus paper will work well for this. Test ph of the boiler water after adjusting initial sulfite levels and adjust to 8.0 if necessary on steel boilers with copper tubes at start up with BT100 or TSP or Soda Ash if needed. When at the end of run test boiler ph and sulfite residual. On an all steel boiler you should never exceed a ph of 12.0. While running during the day ad a touch of treatment to the tender to maintain a residual every time you take on water as a residual of 10 ppm Sulfite or so works well in the tender. On filling the tender ad an ounce by weight and fill with water and then test residual. Use more or less as needed. When at the end of run test boiler ph and sulfite residual. On an all steel boiler with copper tubes you should never exceed a ph of 9.0. On an all steel boiler with steel tubes you should never exceed a ph of 12.0. 1 to 2 pounds will treat 1000 gallons of softened or hard water. That would equate to 1 1/2 to 3 ounces by weight for 100 gallons of softened or hard water. You may also control to recommended ph as a control factor. Remember these products are concentrated and the recommended doses are most likely less or more depending on your water quality.
Sulfite test will do for both products as a control for internal boiler water samples once they are up and running. Roughly 30-60 ppm sulfite at start for boiler and tender or 50-200 ppm sodium sulfite residual in a cycled boiler would be great. We can provide custom private labeled test kits for such. Color observation is much simpler but the testing may help you develop a feel for the dosage/color. A light tea color will develop in the boiler water is the target roughly. Adjust your boiler water level roughly 30-60 ppm sulfite at start up or 50-200 ppm sodium sulfite for a cycled boiler residual at end of run. Test ph of the boiler water after adjusting initial sulfite levels and adjust to 9.0 if necessary on steel boilers at start up with BT100 or TSP or Soda Ash if needed. Standard Litmus paper will work well for this. Test ph of the boiler water after adjusting initial sulfite levels and adjust to 8.0 if necessary on steel boilers with copper tubes at start up with BT100 or TSP or Soda Ash if needed. When at the end of run test boiler ph and sulfite residual. On an all steel boiler you should never exceed a ph of 12.0. While running during the day ad a touch of treatment to the tender to maintain a residual every time you take on water as a residual of 10 ppm Sulfite or so works well in the tender. On filling the tender ad an ounce by weight and fill with water and then test residual. Use more or less as needed. When at the end of run test boiler ph and sulfite residual. On an all steel boiler with copper tubes you should never exceed a ph of 9.0. On an all steel boiler with steel tubes you should never exceed a ph of 12.0. 1 to 2 pounds will treat 1000 gallons of softened or hard water. That would equate to 1 1/2 to 3 ounces by weight for 100 gallons of softened or hard water. You may also control to recommended ph as a control factor. Remember these products are concentrated and the recommended doses are most likely less or more depending on your water quality.
All Steel Boiler recommendations 0 to 300 psig:
Ph 10.0 to 12.0
Conductivity max 3500 umhos
Sulfite residual 50 to 200 ppm
Silica max 150 ppm
Total Hardness <10 ppm (the less the better)
Dissolved O2 ppm Trace as it causes pitting
Ph 10.0 to 12.0
Conductivity max 3500 umhos
Sulfite residual 50 to 200 ppm
Silica max 150 ppm
Total Hardness <10 ppm (the less the better)
Dissolved O2 ppm Trace as it causes pitting
All Steel Boiler with copper tubes 0 to 300 psig:
Ph 8.5 to 9.0
Conductivity max 3500 umhos
Sulfite residual 50 to 100 ppm
Silica max 150 ppm
Total Hardness <10 ppm (the less the better)
Dissolved O2 ppm Trace as it causes pitting
Ph 8.5 to 9.0
Conductivity max 3500 umhos
Sulfite residual 50 to 100 ppm
Silica max 150 ppm
Total Hardness <10 ppm (the less the better)
Dissolved O2 ppm Trace as it causes pitting
SOME NOTES ON WATER TREATMENT
Acidic Attack.
If boiler water pH has dropped significantly below 8.5, a phenomenon called waterside thinning can occur. The normal manifestation of acidic attack is etching. In areas of higher flow, the surfaces are smooth. In addition, any stressed area would be a principal area for attack.
Caustic Attack.
Caustic attack or, as it is more commonly known, caustic corrosion, is often encountered in phosphate treated boilers in which deposits occur in high heat transfer areas. In particular, boiler water can permeate the porous deposit. When it is coupled with significant heat flux, concentration of the boiler water occurs. Caustic soda (NaOH) is the only normal boiler water constituent that has high solubility and does not crystallize under these circumstances. This caustic concentration can be as high as 10,000-100,000 ppm. Localized attack due to the extremely high pH (12.9 +) will occur, as will the formation of caustic-ferritic compounds through the dissolving of the protective magnetite film. Once the process begins, the iron in contact with the boiler water will attempt to restore the protective magnetite film. Caustic corrosion (typically in the form of gouging) continues until the deposit is removed or the caustic concentration is reduced to normal.
Caustic attack typically appears in the form of irregular patterns and gouges. Frequently, the white salts associated with caustic attack remain in the tube samples. In addition, if caustic attack has proceeded for any extended period of time, significant levels of magnetic iron oxide can be found in any low flow area, such as a mud drum. This is essentially "stripping" of the magnetite film. This is one of the reasons we do not use caustic in any of our formulas.
Acidic Attack.
If boiler water pH has dropped significantly below 8.5, a phenomenon called waterside thinning can occur. The normal manifestation of acidic attack is etching. In areas of higher flow, the surfaces are smooth. In addition, any stressed area would be a principal area for attack.
Caustic Attack.
Caustic attack or, as it is more commonly known, caustic corrosion, is often encountered in phosphate treated boilers in which deposits occur in high heat transfer areas. In particular, boiler water can permeate the porous deposit. When it is coupled with significant heat flux, concentration of the boiler water occurs. Caustic soda (NaOH) is the only normal boiler water constituent that has high solubility and does not crystallize under these circumstances. This caustic concentration can be as high as 10,000-100,000 ppm. Localized attack due to the extremely high pH (12.9 +) will occur, as will the formation of caustic-ferritic compounds through the dissolving of the protective magnetite film. Once the process begins, the iron in contact with the boiler water will attempt to restore the protective magnetite film. Caustic corrosion (typically in the form of gouging) continues until the deposit is removed or the caustic concentration is reduced to normal.
Caustic attack typically appears in the form of irregular patterns and gouges. Frequently, the white salts associated with caustic attack remain in the tube samples. In addition, if caustic attack has proceeded for any extended period of time, significant levels of magnetic iron oxide can be found in any low flow area, such as a mud drum. This is essentially "stripping" of the magnetite film. This is one of the reasons we do not use caustic in any of our formulas.
Oxygen Corrosion.
The corrosion of a condensate system by oxygen is in the form of severe pitting. As in the feed water train, oxygen corrosion is easily recognized by large pits produced at the point of attack.
Active oxygen pitting is easily recognized by the black oxide present in the pit. The surrounding area may be red ferric oxide, but this is a secondary product of the corrosion mechanism. If the pit itself contains red iron oxide, that simply indicates a past corrosion problem.
The corrosion of a condensate system by oxygen is in the form of severe pitting. As in the feed water train, oxygen corrosion is easily recognized by large pits produced at the point of attack.
Active oxygen pitting is easily recognized by the black oxide present in the pit. The surrounding area may be red ferric oxide, but this is a secondary product of the corrosion mechanism. If the pit itself contains red iron oxide, that simply indicates a past corrosion problem.
Iron Oxide Formation
Iron oxides present in operating boilers can be classified into two major types. The first and most important is the 0.0002-0.0007 in. (0.2-0.7 mil) thick magnetite formed by the reaction of iron and water in an oxygen-free environment. This magnetite forms a protective barrier against further corrosion. This is done with proper ph control and metal passification chemicals.
Magnetite layer will form at a ph between 11.0 to 12.0 with properly treated boiler water. Any acid excursions or Oxygen will quickly destroy this gray protective layer in your boiler.
Oil in your boiler
Keep all oil out of your boiler. On displacement lubricators put a check valve on its steam supply line. We know of several engines where when the boiler is blown down the steam oil backs into the boiler. If oil enters your boiler it will drop out on your heating surfaces and will insulate your boiler metal. This will cause localized over heating of tubes and crown sheets.
Iron oxides present in operating boilers can be classified into two major types. The first and most important is the 0.0002-0.0007 in. (0.2-0.7 mil) thick magnetite formed by the reaction of iron and water in an oxygen-free environment. This magnetite forms a protective barrier against further corrosion. This is done with proper ph control and metal passification chemicals.
Magnetite layer will form at a ph between 11.0 to 12.0 with properly treated boiler water. Any acid excursions or Oxygen will quickly destroy this gray protective layer in your boiler.
Oil in your boiler
Keep all oil out of your boiler. On displacement lubricators put a check valve on its steam supply line. We know of several engines where when the boiler is blown down the steam oil backs into the boiler. If oil enters your boiler it will drop out on your heating surfaces and will insulate your boiler metal. This will cause localized over heating of tubes and crown sheets.
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Last update: Sun, 19 Jul 2009 11:08:39
Remember to run at least Sulfite and Ph tests on your boiler before and after your run. This is so you may adjust your chemical dosage for proper passification and protection of your boiler material.
Fire side corrosion
It is very important to keep your fire side as clean and dry as your water side. Most liquid fuels have trace sulfur and solid fuels have a percentage. When a boiler is shut down and cools moisture will get into the soot and ash and cause sulfuric acid. This is very destructive to the fire side of any boiler.
It is very important to keep your fire side as clean and dry as your water side. Most liquid fuels have trace sulfur and solid fuels have a percentage. When a boiler is shut down and cools moisture will get into the soot and ash and cause sulfuric acid. This is very destructive to the fire side of any boiler.
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